برهمکنش ویروس موزاییک شلغم یا ویروس موزاییک کلم گل با Phoma lingam در گیاه کلزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در طبیعت احتمال آلودگی گیاهان به بیمارگرهای مختلف در یک زمان امکان‌پذیر است. در اکثر موارد آلودگی مخلوط ویروس و قارچ منجر به افزایش حساسیت گیاه می‌شود. در پژوهش حاضر برهمکنش ویروس موزاییک شلغم (turnip mosaic virus, TuMV) یا موزاییک کلم‌ گل (cauliflower mosaic virus, CaMV) با قارچ عامل بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا در رقم طلائیه کلزا بررسی شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی انجام شد و برای مایه‌زنی ویروس به گیاهان، از برگ‌های شلغم آلوده به ویروس و به روش مکانیکی و برای مایه‌زنی قارچ به گیاهان از قرص قارچ عامل بیماری استفاده گردید. در بررسی این برهمکنش‌ها ، علاوه بر شاخص‌های شدت علائم بیماری، واکنش‌های دفاعی آنزیمی (کاتالاز و گایاکول پراکسیداز) و غیر آنزیمی (کاروتنوئیدها و فلاونوئیدها) گیاه نیز سنجیده شد. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان داد که شدت علائم ناشی از قارچ عامل بیماری در آلودگی اولیه با ویروس موزاییک شلغم افزایش معنی‌داری داشت، اما در آلودگی اولیه با ویروس موزاییک کلم‌گل تغییر معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. محتوی کلروفیل، کاروتنوئیدها و فلاونوئیدها در تیمارهای آلوده به بیمارگرهای مورد مطالعه نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش معنی-داری و محتوی آنزیم کاتالاز و گایاکول پراکسیداز در تیمارها ی آلوده به بیمارگرهای مورد مطالعه نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان دادند. با توجه به اثر هم افزایی قارچ عامل بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا و ویروس موزائیک شلغم در آلودگی مخلوط و گزارش وقوع هر دو عامل بیماری از مناطق زیر کشت کلزا در ایران توصیه می‌شود رقم‌هایی برای کشت انتخاب شوند که نسبت به هر دو بیمارگر مقاوم باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interaction of turnip mosaic virus or cauliflower mosaic virus with Phoma lingam in canola

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Zarinjoo 1
  • Mehdi Saadati 2
  • Naser Safaei 3
  • Masoud Shams-bakhsh 4
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4 Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Plant infections to several pathogens at a same time are expected in nature. In most cases, plant mixed infections with viruses and fungi could result in increased susceptibility in plant host. In the present study, the interaction between turnip mosaic virus or cauliflower mosaic virus with Phoma lingam in canola (Brassica napus L.) was investigated. Experiments were carried out using a completely randomized design. Plants were mechanically inoculated with virus-infected turnip leave saps and by medium plug of fungal causal agent. To evaluate the interactions, in addition to recording the type and severity of symptoms, enzymatic (catalase and guaiacol peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (carotenoids and flavonoids) defense responses of treated plants were measured. The results showed that the severity of Phoma symptoms significantly increased in primary infection with turnip mosaic virus and then phoma inoculation, but no significant changes of Phoma symptoms were observed in initial infection with cauliflower mosaic virus. All treatments infected with case studied pathogens compared to the control treatment (no pathogen infection) showed a significant decrease in chlorophyll content, quantity of carotenoids, and flavonoids. While, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase content in the treatments infected with case studied pathogens showed a significant increase compared to the control treatment. Due to the synergistic effect of Phoma lingam and turnip mosaic virus in mixed infection of canola and reporting the incidence of both causal agents in canola cultivated areas in Iran, it is recommended to select canola cultivars that are resistant to both pathogens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • carotenoids
  • catalase
  • chlorophyll
  • peroxidase
  • Potyvirus
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