Geminiviruses are common viruses in vegetable and crop fields in Kerman Province. In this research, to identify begomoviruses infecting plants in the farms of Kerman Province, three symptomatic okra samples (Abelmoschus esculentus L., Malvaceae) showing blistering, vein swelling, leaf crinkling, and malformation symptoms (Figs. 1a and 1b) were collected from research farm in Agricultural college, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Total DNA of samples were extracted and subjected to PCR using specific primers of common begomoviruses and the associated betasatellite in this region including okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV; Begomovirus abelsmoschusenation), cotton leaf curl Gezira virus (CLCuGeV; B. gossypigeziraense), watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV; B. citrulli), tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV; B. solanumpalampurense) and okra leaf curl Oman betasatellite (OLCuOMB, Betasatellite abelmoschusomanense) (Esmaeili et al. 2016; Heydari et al. 2025; Heydarnejad et al. 2013; Salari et al. 2023) (Table 1). Based on the results of PCR assays, fragments of expected sizes from OELCuV, CLCuGeV and OLCuOMB genomes, as well as DNA-A and DNA-B components from WmCSV and ToLCPalV genomes were amplified for all three samples (Fig. 2; only PCR results of two samples are shown in the gel).
Besharati, N. , Heydarnejad, J. , Esmaeili, M. and Mirzazadeh, M. (2025). Mixed infection of okra plant with four begomoviruses and association with a betasatellite in Kerman Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 60(4), 443-448. doi: 10.22034/ijpp.2026.2021887.508
MLA
Besharati, N. , , Heydarnejad, J. , , Esmaeili, M. , and Mirzazadeh, M. . "Mixed infection of okra plant with four begomoviruses and association with a betasatellite in Kerman Province", Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 60, 4, 2025, 443-448. doi: 10.22034/ijpp.2026.2021887.508
HARVARD
Besharati, N., Heydarnejad, J., Esmaeili, M., Mirzazadeh, M. (2025). 'Mixed infection of okra plant with four begomoviruses and association with a betasatellite in Kerman Province', Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 60(4), pp. 443-448. doi: 10.22034/ijpp.2026.2021887.508
CHICAGO
N. Besharati , J. Heydarnejad , M. Esmaeili and M. Mirzazadeh, "Mixed infection of okra plant with four begomoviruses and association with a betasatellite in Kerman Province," Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 60 4 (2025): 443-448, doi: 10.22034/ijpp.2026.2021887.508
VANCOUVER
Besharati, N., Heydarnejad, J., Esmaeili, M., Mirzazadeh, M. Mixed infection of okra plant with four begomoviruses and association with a betasatellite in Kerman Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 2025; 60(4): 443-448. doi: 10.22034/ijpp.2026.2021887.508
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