جداسازی، تعیین نژاد و مشخصات مولکولی Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis عامل پژمردگی فوزاریومی خربزه در استان بوشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استاد

چکیده

در طی بازدیدی که در اردیبهشت سال 1397 از مزارع خربزه در شهرستان دشتی، منطقه دشت پلنگ استان بوشهر انجام شد، علائم پژمردگی و زردی در گیاهان مشاهده شد. به منظور بررسی عامل بیماری، نمونه‌های آلوده به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند و پنج پرگنه‌ قارچی از ساقه‌های آلوده جداسازی شد. بر اساس خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی و توالی‌سنجی سه ناحیه ژنی ITS و EF-1α و IGS، قارچ جداسازی شده Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis شناسایی شد. آزمون بیماری‌زایی و تعیین نژاد با استفاده از ارقام افتراقی Cha-T (فاقد ژن مقاوم)، Cha-Fom1 (دارای ژن مقاوم Fom1) و Cha-Fom2 (دارای ژن مقاوم Fom2) انجام شد. نتایج آزمون تعیین نژاد نشان داد که قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis در استان بوشهر متعلق به نژاد 1.2 می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج آنالیزهای فیلوژنی و DnaSp ، جدایه‌های جدا شده از استان بوشهر و دیگر جدایه‌های F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis متعلق به VCG0134 ایران در یک گروه فیلوژنی قرار گرفتند و هیچ تفاوت نوکلئوتیدی بین جدایه‌ها در سه ناحیه ژنی مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش مشاهده نشد. اگرچه F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis به عنوان بیمارگر قارچی خربزه در نقاط معتدله و سردسیر شناخته شده است، در این مطالعه حضور این بیمارگر در نقاط گرمسیر ایران برای اولین بار گزارش می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Isolation, race determination and molecular characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis in Bushehr province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Sabahi 1
  • Zia Banihashemi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In spring 2018, yellowing and wilting symptoms were observed on melon plants, Janna variety, in Dashti county, Bushehr province, southern Iran. In order to identify the causal agent of disease, infected tissues were transferred to the laboratory and five fungal isolates were isolated. Based on the morphological characteristic and sequence data of three different loci (ITS, EF-1α, and IGS), the fungi were identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis . The disease assay and race determination were performed in greenhouse using three melon differential hosts including Cha-T (no resistance gene), Cha-Fom1 (contains Fom1 resistance gene) and Cha-Fom2 (contains Fom2 resistance gene). The results of bio-assay experiment reveald that these isolates are belonged to race 1.2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the isolates from Bushehr and the other Iranian isolates belonging to VCG0134 were clustered in the same linage and there were no nucleotide differences between them based on DnaSp analysis. Although F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis is known as a fungal pathogen of melon in cold and temperate regions, the presence of this pathogen in the tropical region of Iran is reporting for the first time in this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fom isolates
  • melon
  • phylogenetic analysis
  • pathogenicity
  • tropical region

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بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 56، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 359-369

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