توانایی باکتری های اندوفیت در بازدارندگی رشد شبه قارچ های عامل پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه Phytophthora nicotianae و Phytophthora citrophthora در پایه بکرایی (.Citrus sp)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرمزگان

2 گروه گیاه پزشکی -دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

3 گروه گیاه پزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش و منابع طبیعی استان هرمزگان، بندرعباس

4 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی استان قزوین، قزوین

چکیده

باکتری‌های اندوفیت یکی از مهمترین ابزارهای توانمند در کنترل زیستی عوامل بیماری‌زای گیاهی و حفاظت گیاهان در برابر خسارت ناشی از آن‌ها هستند. ارزیابی قدرت بازدارندگی باکتری‌های اندوفیت جداسازی شده از باغ‌های نارنگی استان هرمزگان علیه عامل پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه، ناشی از شبه قارچ-های Phytophthora nicotianae و Phytophthora citrophthora در شرایط آزمایشگاه (طرح کاملاً تصادفی) و گلخانه‌ (آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی) با سه تکرار انجام شد. هم‌چنین، صفات زیست توده وزن تر و خشک ساقه و ریشه، طول ساقه و ریشه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این آزمایش 17 جدایه باکتری‌های اندوفیت، با استفاده از ژن 16S rDNA شناسایی شد. در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مشخص شد که از بین 17 باکتری‌ اندوفیت، 3 جدایه قدرت بازدارندگی معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد داشتند؛ به‌طوری که در شرایط گلخانه، باکتری‌های اندوفیت به میزان5/75 درصد شدت بیماری ناشی از جدایه‌هایP. nicotianae و P. citrophthora را نسبت به شاهد کاهش دادند و توالی این سه جدایه با توالی‌ گونه‌هایی از جنس‌های Kytococcus schroeteri،Paracrauroccus sp. و Psychrobacillus psychrodurance 99 درصد شباهت نشان داد. در آزمایش گلخانه‌ای مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که وزن تر ساقه و ریشه و طول ساقه تحت تیمار باکتری‌های اندوفیت نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. به طور کلی باکتری‌های اندوفیت Kytococcus schroeteri، Paracrauroccus sp. وPsychrobacillus psychrodurance به صورت مجزا و ترکیبی) را می‌توان به عنوان یک ابزار کارامد برای کنترل زیستی عامل بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه در پایه بکرایی پیشنهاد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit the growth of crown and root rot fungal-like Phytophthora nicotianae and Phytophthora citrophthora on Bakraii rootstock (Citrus sp.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh sadat Hashemi 1
  • Davood Samsampour 1
  • Jalal Soltani 2
  • Majeed Askari Seyahooei 3
  • Mostafa Ghasemi 4
1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan
2 Phytopathology Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan
3 Plant Protection Research Department, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas
4 Horticulture crops Research Department, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qazvin
چکیده [English]

Endophytic bacteria are one of the most powerful tools in bio-controlling plant pathogens and protecting plants from damage. The evaluation of inhibitory effect of endophytic bacteria isolated from Mandarin orchards in Hormozgan province against crown and root rot caused by fungal-like Phytophthora nicotianae and Phytophthora citrophthora in laboratory (completely randomized design) and greenhouse (factorial experiment in completely randomized design) was performed with three replications. Also, the biomass parameter of fresh and dry weight of the stem, root and their corresponding lengths were investigated. In this experiment, 17 isolates of endophytic bacteria were identified using 16S rDNA gene. In the laboratory experiment was found that out of 17 endophytic bacteria, 3 isolates had significant inhibitory effect at the 5 percentage probability level; So that in the greenhouse conditions they reduced the disease severity of P. nicotianae and P. citrophthora isolates by 75.5 percentage compared to the control. The sequence of these three isolates was 99 percentage similar to the sequence of Paracrauroccus sp. , Kytococcus schroeteri and Psychrobacillus psychrodurance species. In the greenhouse experiment, the comparison of the means showed that the fresh weight of stem, root and stem length treated with endophytic bacteria increased compared to the control. In general, the endophytic bacteria Paracrauroccus sp. ,Kytococcus schroeteri and Psychrobacillus psychrodurance separately and in combination can be suggested as an effective tool for biological control of the cause of crown and root rot at the Bakraii rootstock.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Endophyte
  • Disease Index
  • Biomass parameter
  • Bio Control

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بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 56، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 389-404

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