اطلاعات جدید پیرامون شبه قارچ های مولد زنگ سفید گیاهان در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه زابل، زابل

2 گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی زابل

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات رستنی ها، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

5 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

بیمارگرهای عامل بیماری زنگ سفید گیاهان (Albuginales, Oomycota) شامل سه جنس Albugo، Pustula و Wilsoniana هستند که روی میزبان­های تیره Brassicaceae، راسته Caryophyllales و زیر رده Asteridae بیماری‌زا می ­باشند. این تحقیق با هدف ارائه اطلاعات جدید از راسته Albuginales در ایران انجام شد. در راستای نمونه برداری از زنگ سفید گیاهان، بازدیدهایی از برخی مناطق شمالی و شرقی ایران در بازه زمانی 1396-1399 صورت گرفت. بر اساس صفات ریخت­ شناسی و داده ­های مولکولی مبتنی بر ژن­های ITS و Cox2  گونه‌های Albugo lepidii روی Lepidium sativum ، A. koreana روی Camelina transcaspica، Albugo arenosa از Strigosella africana، A. candida روی میزبان های متعدد،  A. occidentalis از اسفناج و Wilsoniana portulacae روی Portulaca sp. شناسائی شدند. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، وقوع گونه A. candida روی میزبان­ های Eruca sativa ،Raphanus sativus و Goldbachia laevigata از ایران و روی میزبان‌های Sinapis arvensis ،Savignya parviflora ،Isatis leuconeura و Sisymbrium altissimum برای دنیا بر اساس ریخت‌شناسی و داده‌های مولکولی تایید می ­شود، گونه Sisymbrium septulatum نیز به عنوان میزبان جدید برای آن گزارش می­شود. همچنین بیماری زنگ سفید با عامل A. candida به عنوان اولین بیماری روی جنس Savignya از ایران گزارش می­ شود. آرایه­ های ­­Albugo lepidii و A. koreana برای میکوبیوتای ایران جدید می­ باشند. توصیف کامل همراه با تصاویر و موقعیت فیلوژنتیکی برای دو گونه Wilsoniana portulacaeو Albugo occidentalis  ارائه می­­­ گردد. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Additions to the knowledge of Albuginales of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Mirzaee 1
  • Naser Panjehkeh 2
  • Mohammad Salari 3
  • Rasoul Zare 4
  • Mahdi Pirnia 5
  • Shirahmad Sarani 3
1 University of Zabol, Zabol,
2 University of zabol
3 Plant Protection Dep., Faculty of Agriculture. University of Zabol. Zabol. Iran.
4 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization , Tehran, Iran.
5 Department of Plant Protection-Faculty of Agriculture-University of Zabol
چکیده [English]

The pathogens causing white blister rusts (Albuginales, Oomycota) comprises three genera including Albugo, Pustula and Wilsoniana infecting species of Brassicaceae, Caryophyllales and Asteridae, respectively. The current study contributes with new knowledge on Albuginales in Iran. An extensive survey for sampling white blister rust specimens was performed during the 2017-2020 growing season in some regions in Eastern and Northern Iran. Based on morphological and molecular (Cox2 and ITS) data Albugo lepidii on Lepidium sativum, A. koreana on Camelina transcaspica, Albugo arenosa on Strigosella africana, A. candida on various hosts, A. occidentalis on spinach and Wilsoniana portulacae on Portulaca sp. were identified. Our results, represent the first morphologically and molecularly verified report of A. candida on Goldbachia laevigata, Raphanus sativus, Eruca sativa from Iran and on Sinapis arvensis, Savignya parviflora, Isatis leuconeura and Sisymbrium altissimum worldwide. Sisymbrium septulatum is reported as Matrix nova for A. candida. White blister rust caused by A. candida is reported for the first time on a member of the genus Savignya in Iran. Albugo lepidii and A. koreana are new records for Iranian mycobiota. Detailed descriptions and illustrations along with phylogenetic placement here are provided for Wilsoniana portulacae and Albugo occidentalis.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Albuoginales
  • morphology
  • phylogeny
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