تأثیر کیتوزان بر القای مقاومت علیه بیماری سوختگی برگ گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی. دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

2 اسنادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان،

3 استادیار دانشگاه گنبد کاووس- دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی- گروه تولیدات گیاهی

4 کارشناسی ارشد بیوتکنولوژی

چکیده

بیماری سپتوریوز برگی ناشی از قارچ آسکومیست Zymoseptoria tritici از مخرب ترین بیماری‌های گندم در جهان می باشد که سالانه خسارت فراوانی به این محصول وارد می‌کند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثر کیتوزان در دو غلظت صفر و 200 پی پی ام، بر میزان بیان ژن‎های دفاعی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدان پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز در رقم کوهدشت گندم (رقم حساس) در برهمکنش با عامل بیماری سپتوریوز برگی بود. بدین منظور گیاهچه‌های دو هفته‌ای بوسیله کیتوزان اسپری برگی شدند، سپس گیاهان تیمار شده به همراه گیاهان شاهد، توسط قارچ عامل بیماری مایه‎زنی شدند. در نهایت الگوی بیان ژن‎های PR1، PR2 و PR5 در بازه‌های زمانی 0، 12، 24، 48 ،96و240 ساعت پس از آلودگی با استفاده از تکنیک qRT-PCR مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. براساس نتایج به‎دست آمده، شدت آلودگی در برگ گیاهان تیمار شده با کیتوزان حدود 55 درصد نسبت به گیاهان شاهد کاهش یافت. نتایج qPCR نشان‌دهنده افزایش میزان بیان ژن‌ها در گیاهان تیمار شده و شاهد بود. بیست و چهار ساعت پس از آلودگی، بیان ژن‌های PR1، PR2 و PR5 در گیاهان تیمار شده به ترتیب 5/7، 15/4 و 76/3 برابر نسبت به گیاهان شاهد افزایش یافت. تغییرات میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌‌ها بیانگر روند افزایشی آنزیم پراکسیداز و سیر کاهشی آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز در گیاهان تیمار شده با کیتوزان نسبت به گیاهان شاهد بود. بررسی الگوی تغییرات ژن‌ها و آنزیم‌ها حکایت از نقش موثر کیتوزان در القای مقاومت در گندم حساس به بیماری سپتوریوز برگی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of chitosan on induced resistance against Septoria of wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Ahangar 1
  • Shahryar Kia 2
  • Fakhtak Taliei 3
  • sedighe vardipour 4
1 Assistant professor. Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University
2 Assistant Professor of Department of Horticulture and Crop Research
3 Assistant professor. Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University
4 M.Sc. Graduated of Biotechnology
چکیده [English]

The septoria leaf spot caused by Zymoseptoria tritici، is one of the most destructive wheat diseases in the world, which causes lots of damage to this crop annually. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 0 and 200 ppm of chitosan on the expression of defense genes and antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) activity, in Koohdasht wheat cultivar (susceptible cultivar) in interaction with the pathogen. Therefore, two-week plants were sprayed with chitosan, and then treated plants along with control plants were inoculated with Z. tritici pathogen. Finally, the expression rate of PR1, PR2 and PR5 genes were examined using qRT-PCR technique at 0, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 240 hours after inoculation (hai). According to the results, disease severity reduced by about 55% in chitosan pre-treated plants compared to control. The results of qPCR showed that expression of mentioned genes increased in treated and control plants, but the expression of PR1, PR2 and PR5 genes increased by 7.5, 4.15 and 3.76 times more in treated plants compared to control in 24 hai, respectively. Comparing enzyme activity in chitosan pre-treated plants and control, indicates an increasing trend of peroxidase enzyme and a decreasing trend of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase in the first group of plants. The examined gene expression and antioxidants pattern changed in both groups of plants indicates the effectiveness of chitosan in inducing resistance against septoria leaf blotch in wheat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Induced Resistance
  • Elicitor
  • Gene expression and Pathogenesis related proteins
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