انتقال چهار ژن مقاومت به زنگ زرد به گندم رقم کل حیدری با روش تلاقی برگشتی به کمک نشانگر

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

3 گروه پژوهشی فیزیولوژی ملکولی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران (ABRII)، کرج، ایران

4 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهیدباهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

کل‌حیدری رقمی پابلند، متحمل به خشکی و مناسب شرایط دیم است. این رقم برای مدت طولانی (بیش از 70 سال) رقم غالب دیم در استان‌های فارس و کهگلویه و بویراحمد بوده است. با این وجود، این رقم نسبت به زنگ زرد با عامل Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici حساس است. زنگ زرد در سال‌هایی که میزان بارندگی بالا باشد خسارت زیادی به این رقم وارد می‌نماید. هدف این پژوهش انتقال دو ژن‌ مقاومت در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای (Yr5 و Yr15) و دو ژن مقاومت در مرحله گیاه کامل (Yr18 و Yr29) از لاین‌های استاندارد به این رقم با استفاده از روش تلاقی برگشتی به کمک نشانگر است. برای انتقال این ژن‌ها به رقم کل‌حیدری، در چهار پروژه به‌نژادی جداگانه این رقم با والدهای بخشنده Yr5/6*Avocet‘S’، Yr15/6*Avocet‘S’، Lalbahadur/Pavon و Opata 85 تلاقی داده شد. نتاج نسل اول (F1) با رقم کل‌حیدری تلاقی برگشتی (BC1F1) داده شد. در نتاج حاصل از تلاقی برگشتی نخست، گزینش به کمک نشانگر انجام و نتاج حامل ژن‌های مطلوب وارد تلاقی برگشتی دوم شدند. به همین ترتیب تلاقی برگشتی سوم نیز انجام شد. پس از چند تلاقی برگشتی دیگر و یک نسل خودگشنی، چهار لاین مقاوم در برابر زنگ زرد با زمینه ژنتیکی رقم کل‌حیدری ایجاد خواهد ‌شد. با هرمی کردن ژنهای مورد نظر می‌توان به مقاومت پایداری دست پیدا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Transferring four yellow rust resistance genes to wheat cv. Kalhaydari using marker assisted backcrossing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kimia Pouryousefi 1
  • Soraya Pourtabrizi 1
  • Ghasem Mohamadinejad 1
  • MohamadGhader Ghaderi 2
  • Babak Nakhoda 3
  • Roohollah Abdolshahi 4
1 Department of agronomy and plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Faulty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3 Department of molecular physiology research, Agricultural Biotechnology institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
4 Department of agronomy and plant breeding, Faculity of agriculture, Shahid Bahonar Unuiversity of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Kalhaydari is a tall, drought tolerant and rain-fed cultivar which has been a dominant rain-fed cultivar in Fars and Kohgelouyeh and Boyerahmad provinces for a long time (more than 70 years). However, this superior cultivar is susceptible to yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Yellow rust causes a severe damage to this cultivar in high rainfall years. The aim of the present study was to transfer two seedling resistance genes (Yr5 and Yr15) and two adult plant resistance genes (Yr18 and Yr29) from standard lines to this cultivar using marker assisted backcross. In four separate breeding projects, Kalhaydari was crossed with four donor parents including Yr5/6*Avocet'S', Yr15/6*Avocet'S', Lalbahadur/Pavon and Opata 85 to transfer Yr5, Yr15, Yr18 and Yr29 genes, respectively. The first generation (F1) was backcrossed with Kalhaydari (BC1F1). In the offspring, selection for desirable genotypes was performed using markers assisted selection. Then, offspring carrying the favorable genes were entered the second backcross. The third backcross was performed using the same method. After a few more backcrosses and a selfing generation four yellow rust-resistant lines with the same genetic background, Kalhaydari cultivar, will be created. Durable resistance can be achieved using genes pyramiding.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adult plant resistance
  • Bread wheat
  • Durable resistance
  • Strip rust

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بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 57، شماره 4
اسفند 1400
صفحه 291-301

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