بررسی تنوع میزبانی گیاهان علفی و ارتباطات فیلوژنتیکی در میان جدایه‌های Phytophthora parsiana

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز.

چکیده

Phytophthora parsiana به عنوان یک اُاُمیست مقاوم به دمای بالا با دامنه­ی میزبانی محدود به گیاهان چوبی، مورد توجه است. در مطالعه­ی حاضر در یک آزمایش مقدماتی، دامنه میزبانی بیمارگر روی گونه های مختلف گیاهان علفی با استفاده از شش جدایه­ی P. parsiana، شامل جدایه­های تیپ این گونه از منابع مختلف، در شرایط گل­خانه بررسی شد. دو جدایه­ی قارچ، از میان گیاهان علفی شامل کدوییان، فلفل، حبوبات و گیاهان روغنی، تنها روی فلفل بیماریزا بودند. سپس به مننظور بررسی واکنش ارقام مختلف فلفل به بیمارگر، بیماریزایی 16 جدایه­ی P. parsiana روی سه رقم فلفل بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که P. parsiana تنها روی فلفل قرمز و نه فلفل دلمه­ای بیماریزا بود. این اولین گزارش از میزبان علفی برای P. parsianaاست. بین جدایه­های P. parsianaبیماریزا روی فلفل قرمز و دو جدایه­ی دیگر از این گونه که از پسته رفسنجان و یزد جداسازی شده بودند و روی فلفل قرمز بیمارگر نبودند، ارتباطات فیلوژنتیکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس توالی­سنجی ناحیه­ی فاصله‌ی ترانویسی شده‌ی داخلی (ITS)، جدایه­ی بیمارگر روی فلفل و جدایه­ی رفسنجان همراه با دیگر جدایه­های P. parsiana در تبار 10 از درخت فیلوژنتیکی قرار گرفتند ولی جدایه­ی یزد هیچ شباهتی با P. parsianaنداشت ودر تبار شش درخت فیلوژنتیکی با شباهت بسیار نزدیک (شباهت نوکلئوتیدی 100-99 درصد) همراه باPhytophthora taxon Walnutگروه­بندی شد. این اولین گزارش ازPhytophthora taxon Walnut از پسته در ایران است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Herbaceous host plants diversity and phylogenetic relationship among isolates of Phytophthora parsiana

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Anvari1
  • M. Mirtalebi
  • Z. Banihashemi
چکیده [English]

The high temperature-tolerant oomycete Phytophthora parsiana was considered to be limited to woody plants. In the preliminary study, the host range of the pathogen on annual herbaceous plant species using six isolates of P. parsiana including type strains from different sources was examined under greenhouse conditions. Among herbaceous species including cucurbits, pepper, pulse and oil crops, two isolates were pathogenic to pepper. Then three cultivars of pepper were used to discriminate pepper cultivars to sixteen isolates of P. parsiana. Results showed P. parsiana were pathogenic to red pepper (‘Anheim’ and ‘Casabel’cultivars) but not bell pepper. This is the first report of an herbaceous host of P. parsiana (sensu lato). Phylogenetic relationships of the pathogenic isolates of P. parsiana from pistachio to pepper and two isolates of the species from pistachio from Rafsanjan and Yazd were not pathogenic to pepper were examined. Based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA, isolates pathogenic to pepper and one from Rafsanjan were in a group of P. parsiana belonging to clade 10 but the Yazd isolate had no genetic similarity to P. parsiana, being placed in clade 6 of the ITS tree, closely matching that of p < /em>hytophthora taxon Walnut (99-100 nucleotide identity). This is the first report of Phytophthora taxon Walnut from pistachio in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pistachio
  • Phytophthora taxon walnut
  • Iran
  • pepper
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